There's a decent sized 570mAh lithium ion battery inside, and I was surprised to see that there is actually two motors with different weights (for vibration effects).
Above is a picture of the main board with the mystery microcontroller. You can find some information on it (I'm not the first to take one of these apart), but I found it impossible to get any info on its specifications, much less a datasheet.
The malfunction we were experiencing is that controls on the "D-Pad" would activate either when the analog control stick was being used or just on their own. The front board connects to the main board via a flex ribbon cable. The D-Pad is made up of switches on the front panel while the analog control sticks are soldered to the main board. I think the cause of the problem was this flex cable connection point. I will try cleaning the mating surfaces and see if it has fixed the problem.